12/21/2025
On this day in history, December 21st, 1866, the Fetterman Fight happened near Fort Phil Kearny in present day central Wyoming. This battle would become the worst defeat in United States military history west of the Mississippi River, until June 1876.
Red Cloud, a Lakota leader, was having success against the United States military in the Powder River area leading up to the fight but this would be his crowning achievement. On Nov. 3rd, 1866, Capt. William Judd Fetterman arrived at Fort Phil Kearny to help support fort operations and give more protection from attack by Lakota, Cheyenne, and Arapahoe warriors. By mid-Dec, the fort had already lost nearly 70 soldiers and civilians. On the morning Dec. 21st, a wood train reported being attacked, to help the train, the commanding officer of the fort sent out Captain Fetterman and eighty other men, with strict rules stating they should not cross Lodge Trail Ridge about 1.5 miles away and be out sight of Fort Phil Kearny. A group of natives, including Crazy Horse, appeared limp near the ridge, and the soldiers quickly pursued them over the ridge right into their trap designed by Red Cloud. Quickly, all 81 men were killed and mutilated, similar to what US soldiers did to natives at the Sand Creek Massacre in 1864.
After realizing what had happened to his troops, Colonel Henry B. Carrington, the commander at Fort Phil Kearny, sent John “Portugee” Phillips and Daniel Dixon to carry a message concerning the disaster and a plea for reinforcements to Omaha headquarters to the telegraph station at Horseshoe Bend, near Fort Laramie.
Image Credit: Library of Congress
A historical depiction of the Fetterman Fight, showcasing Native American warriors and U.S. soldiers in conflict.