03/09/2026
Knowing that many people are wary of, or avoiding, ultra-processed foods (UPF), some manufacturers choose to state, or imply, their products are 'cleaner' or less processed.
For example, 'fermented wheat flour' can mean it was intentionally cultured to generate anti-microbial levels of propionic acid, which in its purified form is classified as a food additive, categorised as a preservative and given the code E280.
The twist is that industrial dough fabricators can add 'fermented wheat flour' to extend a product's shelf life by inhibiting mould growth. It's sometimes marketed by suppliers as 'label friendly' or a 'clean label solution' because, despite its preservative properties, labelling law doesn't classify 'fermented wheat flour' as a preservative or require manufacturers to declare the propionic acid it contains.
In August 2025, we found 'fermented wheat flour' on ingredients lists of industrial dough products sold in the names of 16 brands and supermarket own labels. One company chose to use the front-of-pack marketing claim 'no preservatives', with four more choosing the more nuanced 'no artificial preservatives'.
We contacted all of the companies. Three admitted they were using 'fermented wheat flour' to extend shelf life. The other 13 companies have been, can we say, less forthcoming in their responses?
To be clear, we're not saying that companies adding propionic acid will kill you; or that any of them are lying or breaking any laws. Nor are we challenging anyone's desire to reduce food waste.
As long-time advocates of always reading the label, however, we're suggesting that sometimes you now might want to ask questions about what the manufacturer chooses, and chooses not, to tell you on the label.
The key word here is choice: we work towards people having chances to make better-informed choices. You might base your choice on factors other than when, where, how, by whom and with what food was made. Otherwise, honest and transparent labelling, for the benefit of people for whom these factors are important, won't have any effect on you.
To find out more about this, and the rest of our work over the past 17+ years, please visit our website.