04/20/2026
We’ve been in a drought… finally we are starting to get some much needed rain! Every bit helps.
Do you know what else helps? Cover Crops
Cover crops can be one of the best tools for drought resilience because they improve the soil’s ability to capture, store, and release water. In cracked, hard soil like the image, rainfall often runs off instead of soaking in. Cover crops help reverse that.
How Cover Crops Help in Drought
1. Increase Water Infiltration
Roots from cover crops create channels in the soil. Those channels allow rain to move deeper into the ground instead of ponding or running off the surface.
2. Build Organic Matter
When cover crop roots and residue break down, they add organic matter. Organic matter acts like a sponge, helping soil hold more moisture for future dry periods.
3. Reduce Soil Crusting and Cracking
Bare soil bakes in the sun, forms crusts, and cracks. Cover crops shade the surface and protect it from extreme temperature swings, reducing moisture loss.
4. Lower Evaporation
Living plants and leftover residue form a layer. That keeps the soil cooler and slows evaporation, preserving water for cash crops or pasture.
5. Improve Root Depth of Future Crops
Healthier soil structure lets corn, soybeans, grasses, or vegetables root deeper, helping them access water during drought stress.
6. Feed Soil Biology
Earthworms and microbes thrive under cover crops. Their activity improves aggregation (crumb structure), which boosts both drainage and water-holding capacity.
Best Cover Crops for Drought Improvement
Depending on your system:
Cereal rye – deep roots, biomass, erosion control
Annual ryegrass – aggressive rooting, compaction relief
Radish/turnip – breaks tight layers, opens soil
Crimson clover / Balansa clover – nitrogen + soil cover
Sorghum-sudangrass – strong summer biomass, drought tolerant
Cowpeas – warm-season drought-friendly legume
What Happens Over Time
Year 1: Better cover, less runoff
Year 2: More earthworms, improved infiltration
Year 3+: Noticeably softer soil, fewer cracks, stronger crops in dry spells
If your soil is compacted, low in residue, and moisture-starved, a strategic cover crop program could help rebuild aggregation and reduce that hardpan significantly. In drought years, that can be the difference between stressed crops and surviving crops.