10/12/2026
October 12, 2026. Indigenous People’s Day. Celebrate your Kansas Delaware heritage and culture. Take a walk, observe nature, enjoy the peace of listening to what Mother Nature offers in the wind and communication among the wildlife, and thank the Creator for giving you this opportunity. This post below brings to mind our heritage on this special day.
From the Smithsonian’s National Museum of the American Indian:
"American Indian," "Indian," "Native American," or "Indigenous?"
Which is correct?
There is no single correct term to refer to Indigenous peoples of the Western Hemisphere. Different terms may be used in different countries. “American Indian,” “Indian,” and “Native American,” are primarily used in the U.S.
The best term is always what an individual person or community uses to describe themselves.
“Indian” was used by explorer Christopher Columbus because he mistakenly believed he had sailed to India. Although the term is still used by individuals and communities in the U.S., it is not a preferred term in Canada and countries in Central and South America.
Canadians, too, have addressed the question of names—many Native Canadians, especially Métis (people of Indigenous and French descent) and Inuit people, reject the designation “Indian”. Canadians have developed a range of terms, including “First Nations,” and “First Peoples.”
Today, “Indian,” “American Indian” and “Native American” are legal terms with very specific meanings. As an example, U.S. law defines “Native American” to include Native Hawaiians and Pacific islanders from U.S. territories and possessions. Although they are included under this term, these groups generally do not self-identify as Native Americans.
Similarly, Alaska Natives do not generally self-identify as Native Americans or Indians. More than 200 Alaska Native tribal entities belonging to 11 distinct cultural groups share core values and traditions shaped by their connection to the land that is markedly different from that of Native peoples of the contiguous U.S.
The increased use of “American Indian” and “Native American” grew out of political movements of the 1960s and 1970s. These terms unified tribal nations and communities who shared similar struggles and challenges. The word "Indigenous" is a broader term that has become more prominent, especially with younger generations, and has offered a way for communities to build solidarity globally.
Like languages, the meaning and usage of these terms and others will continue to evolve over time.
The name of our museum can be traced back to the collection of George Gustav Heye (1874–1957), founder of the Museum of the American Indian in New York City in 1916. The name of the museum was retained in the transfer of the museum collection from a private institution to the Smithsonian Institution.
Legislation establishing the Smithsonian’s National Museum of the American Indian was co-sponsored by Sen. Daniel K. Inouye and Rep. Ben Nighthorse Campbell (Northern Cheyenne) and was signed into law in 1989.
Find answers to more questions like this one in our publication “Do All Indians Live in Tipis?” available for purchase in our museum stores. The flags of hundreds of Indigenous communities can be seen throughout our Washington, D.C., museum.
Learn more at AmericanIndian.si.edu anytime or visit us in New York City or on the National Mall.
The NMAI fosters a richer shared human experience through a more informed understanding of Native peoples.