01/08/2024
From WV Public Broadcasting website, published in 2019, here is the backstory for the first picture below:
"On February 20, 1995, the Golden Delicious apple was officially named the state fruit of West Virginia. It’s one of two popular apples that originated in the Mountain State. The first was the Grimes Golden, discovered in the early 1800s on the Brooke County farm of Thomas Grimes.
Legend has it that the Grimes Golden tree grew from a seed planted by John Chapman, better known as Johnny Appleseed. The original Grimes Golden tree blew down in 1905, after bearing fruit for a century.
The Golden Delicious apple was discovered in 1912 in Clay County by Anderson Mullins. It was probably related to the Grimes Golden but had a sweeter taste.
Mullins originally called it “Mullins’s Yellow Seedling and Annit apple.” Stark Brothers Nurseries purchased the tree from Mullins and built a fence around it. The company changed the name of the apple to the Golden Delicious to market with its Red Delicious brand. The original Golden Delicious tree bore its last apples and died in the late 1950s."
The first photograph is that very tree, caged, guarded, and ultimately producing the scion wood cuttings to recreate that particular fruit in grand scale. Modern orcharding features trees of favored cultivars, reproduced over and over by grafting scion wood cuttings onto selected rootstocks. The scion wood determines the fruit, the rootstock determines many characteristics of the tree (dwarfing, resistance to drought / blight, productivity, etc.).
The other photographs show one of the entrances into our wild apple forest areas, and if you zoom in you can see the profound variety of the apples by color. We have many hundreds of trees growing wild, and the vast majority (if not all) are "pippins", growing directly from seed, not grafted. Each one is genetically unique, because apple reproduction is heterozygous. Each inherits traits of their parents (cross-pollinating in nature), but ultimately each is genetically unique. The significance of this cannot be overstated, as the genetic diversity lends to amazing cider production. These areas have been unattended for many decades, and perhaps a century or more. We may have some old cider varietals back there, but we definitely have many many hundreds of new unnamed apple types.
We will be characterizing the fruit, logging and chronicling details each year, and experimenting with blends and single-varietal ciders. Stay tuned as we celebrate and share widely these amazing gifts.