05/06/2026
This week we will talk about cattle EPDs. (Expected Progeny Differences)
EPDs helps to predict the performance of the future offspring of the parents. The numbers are based on data from the animal’s pedigree, and performance, plus the performance of its relatives and offspring.
I will do a section at a time to explain what the letters and numbers mean.
Here we are looking at Growth and Maternal EPD numbers on a Limousin bull.
CED -Calving Ease direct -Higher the number is greater calving ease, less assistance needed. This Limousin bull is in the 45th percentile of his breed.
BW- Birth Weight -Lower number means lighter progeny at birth.
High is 9.5 Low is -7.1 to give you a reference. This bull is a touch above average. 2.0 is not a calving ease concern to me.
WW- Weaning Weight- Higher number means calves will be heavier at weaning
This is a number to watch for good growth in the calves. This bull is in the top 15% in WW.
ADG- Average Daily Gain- How fast the calves grow. Top 4% in the breed for this bull. His calves should gain pounds fast.
YW- Yearling Weight- Higher number means calves will be heavier as yearlings. Top 10% of the breed for this bull. His Sire is #1 in all 3 categories of WW, ADG and YW.
MILK- Higher value means heavier weaning weight due to milk production. High is 46 low is -3, for reference. I would match this bull with a cow that has a higher milk number. My goal is to have the progeny above 25 in milk, which relates to heifers having a good supply of milk to raise a calf.
TM-Total maternal An index, combining growth and milk information as a predictor of weaning weight performance of calves from a sire’s daughters. A greater TM value means a mother that returns comparatively higher weaning weights on her calves.
CEM- Calving Ease Maternal- Higher value predicts more of his daughters will calve unassisted
SC- Scrotal Circumference - a good indicator of age at puberty in a bull’s daughter. This bull is in top 1% in SC, which means I shouldn’t have any problems breeding heifers at 14 months of age or young bulls passing their semen test. I like to see SC numbers above .65 on any bull I pick to use.
STAY- predicts the genetic difference, in terms of percent probability, that a bull’s daughter’s will stay productive in the herd to at least six years of age.
DOC- Docility- Higher number of docility represent genetics for calmer behavior.
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